Wednesday, May 15, 2019

New Words in Hamlet

So in preparation for my upcoming book, I have been doing extensive research and experiments using Pervez Rizvi's database of 527 early modern English plays. Loading the data into a MySQL database makes it into an incredibly valuable research tool. He has done a great service by making this database available for anyone to use.

A key emphasis of my research is studying the vocabulary usage across plays. Here I have done a search of the "lemmas" (simplified, dictionary headword versions of words) that appear in Hamlet but do not appear in any previous plays. So it's essentially a list of the new vocabulary items that first appear in Hamlet. This is just the raw result; there may be errors or omissions based on the lemmatization, etc. It also doesn't include the poems, this is a search only on plays. So some of these words may appear in Venus and Adonis or Rape of Lucrece. But it's still a very interesting list!

abstinence
acquire
adjoin
affront
allowance
altitude
ambiguous
ankle
annexment
anticipation
apoplex
ardour
argal
arraign
artery
artless
attent
audit
auspicious
barnardo
bat
batten
benet
berattle
bernardo
betoken
bisson
blastment
blench
bloat
bodiless
bourn
brainish
brute
bunghole
buyer
buzzer
bye
calumnious
calumny
capability
casual
cataplasm
cautel
caution
caviar
cellarage
cerement
chanson
chary
cherub
chopine
circumvent
clemency
climature
coagulate
collateral
collection
comart
comical
comma
commeddle
commencement
commutual
comply
compost
compulsatory
compulsive
concernancy
condolement
congrue
conjunctive
consummation
contraction
contumely
convenience
cornelius
crant
crash
credent
criminal
croak
damon
dane
danish
dansker
debatement
decayer
definement
delve
delver
denmark
desperation
diameter
dicer
diction
dild
disappoint
disaster
dismantle
distilment
ditcher
document
dozy
drossy
dup
easiness
eastward
eggshell
eisel
elsinore
emphasis
enacture
encompassment
encumber
engineer
enseam
entreatment
equivocation
es
escote
eterne
excitement
expectance
extolment
fardel
fatness
felly
fishmonger
fitness
flagon
flaxen
flush
fortinbras
frock
fust
garbage
germane
gertrude
gibber
glare
glimpse
gonzago
graveness
grope
groundling
guildenstern
gules
hamlet
harrow
hatchment
headshake
hebona
hectic
hent
herods
hillo
historical
hoodman
horatio
hugger
illo
illume
impartment
impaste
impiteous
implement
implorator
importunate
impostume
impotence
incest
incestuous
incontinency
incorporal
incorpse
incorrect
indict
indiscretion
individable
inexplicable
infusion
inhibition
inoculate
instrumental
inventor
inventorial
israel
jawbone
jelly
jointress
kettle
kettledrum
kindless
laboursome
lamord
leaven
leprous
lewdness
loan
loggat
loneliness
lucianus
machine
malefaction
malicho
mandate
marcellus
matin
mazzard
miching
mildew
milky
mine
mineral
miraculous
mobled
mortise
mousetrap
mugger
nerve
neutral
niobe
northerly
norway
noyance
nunnery
nutshell
observant
occult
occurrent
offendo
omen
operant
ophelia
oppressor
ordinant
ore
origin
osric
ossa
outbreak
overcrow
overdo
overgrowth
overhasty
overstep
overtop
overweigh
paddle
paddock
pah
pall
palmy
pansy
pastor
pastoral
peculiar
pendant
permanent
perturb
perusal
petard
pickax
pious
plausive
plautus
pleurisy
pocky
poem
poisoner
polack
polonius
ponderous
portraiture
potency
precede
precurse
prenominate
presentment
pressure
prettiness
primal
primy
proposer
provincial
puh
purport
pursy
pyrrhus
quarry
questionable
quickness
quietus
quillity
ratifier
real
recognizance
reconcilement
rede
redeliver
relative
repel
repugnant
requiem
respeak
responsive
retrograde
revisit
reword
reynaldo
rhapsody
rosencrantz
rummage
salary
sanctuarize
sanity
sate
satirical
satyr
savageness
saviour
savoury
schoolfellow
screen
scrimer
se
select
seneca
shard
shark
shatter
sheepskin
shipwright
shred
signet
skyish
sled
sleeper's
sliver
solidity
southerly
spectator
spendthrift
splenitive
springe
squeeze
stallion
station
statist
stithy
stow
strewment
sulphurous
sultry
summit
suppliance
supposal
survivor
suspiration
swinish
swisser
swoopstake
tan
temperance
tenable
test
tether
tetter
thereunto
tinct
total
traduce
tropical
truepenny
truster
turbulent
tweak
tyrannical
ubique
ulcer
ulcerous
umbrage
unaneled
uncharge
unction
uneffectual
unfellowed
unfledged
unforced
unfortified
ungored
unhand
unhouseled
unimproved
unknowing
unlimited
unmask
unmastered
unmixed
unnerved
unpack
unpeg
unpolluted
unpregnant
unprevailing
unproportioned
unreclaimed
unrighteous
unripe
unsanctified
unshake
unshape
unsifted
unsmirched
unused
unwatched
unweeded
unwring
uphoard
upspring
vanquisher
ventage
vienna
voltemand
voucher
waterfly
weedy
wharf
wheaten
whensoever
whiff
wick
windlass
wittenberg
woundless
yaw
yeasty
yorick
zone

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